![\"23lisbon\"](\"https:\/\/www.hostelworld.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/23lisbon-300x200.jpg\")
<\/a>Portugalsko, jedna z men\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed kontinentu, je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu \u010dlenit\u00e9mu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed pln\u00e9mu zlatav\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a tyrkysov\u00fdch vod. Vedle proslul\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed je zde tak\u00e9 mnoho krajiny k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed a star\u00fdch vesnic k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b.<\/p>\n[\/efstab]<\/p>\n
[efstab title=”O zemi”]Portugalsko le\u017e\u00ed na jihoz\u00e1pad\u011b Evropy u Atlantsk\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu a po v\u011bt\u0161inu roku se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed velmi tepl\u00e9mu podneb\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b obl\u00edbenou destinac\u00ed rekreant\u016f spolu s turisty, kte\u0159\u00ed prozkoum\u00e1vaj\u00ed Evropu a cht\u011bj\u00ed si u\u017e\u00edt trochu slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f.<\/p>\n
Portugalsko se ofici\u00e1ln\u011b stalo nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm st\u00e1tem b\u011bhem k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 reconquisty, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala kolem 5. stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu. Stalo se siln\u00fdm a bohat\u00fdm st\u00e1tem, kter\u00fd dos\u00e1hl nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozkv\u011btu ve 14. a 15. stolet\u00ed, a\u010dkoli o velkou \u010d\u00e1st z nich p\u0159i\u0161lo, kdy\u017e byl Lisabon v roce 1755 zni\u010den zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm.<\/p>\n
Dnes m\u00e1 Portugalsko n\u011bco p\u0159es 10 milion\u016f obyvatel a v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fl milionu z nich \u017eije v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Lisabonu. Zem\u011b je nesm\u00edrn\u011b rozmanit\u00e1. Vedle proslul\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed se na severu rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u00fa\u017easn\u00e1 hornat\u00e1 oblast a na jihu roviny.[\/efstab]
\n[efstab title=”Stravov\u00e1n\u00ed”]Portugalsko si d\u00edky sv\u00e9 relativn\u00ed izolaci od zbytku Evropy vytvo\u0159ilo vlastn\u00ed kuchyni. Hlavn\u00edmi slo\u017ekami jejich stravy jsou maso, ovoce, zelenina a zejm\u00e9na ryby. Kdy\u017e je kombinuj\u00ed do r\u016fzn\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch j\u00eddel, d\u011blaj\u00ed to ve velmi velk\u00fdch porc\u00edch. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tyto porce nestoj\u00ed ani korunu, tak\u017ee j\u00eddlo venku je v\u017edy cenov\u011b dostupn\u00e9.<\/p>\n
V Lisabonu, stejn\u011b jako ve v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch metropol\u00edch, si m\u016f\u017eete vybrat z nep\u0159ebern\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed restaurac\u00ed. Velk\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br maj\u00ed i v\u0161echna ostatn\u00ed m\u011bsta, nap\u0159\u00edklad Porto a Coimbra. J\u00eddeln\u00ed l\u00edstky zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako “ementa tur\u00edstica” jsou j\u00eddeln\u00ed l\u00edstky sestaven\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro turisty.<\/p>\n
Mezi portugalsk\u00e9 speciality pat\u0159\u00ed Bacalhau<\/i>, co\u017e je su\u0161en\u00e1 slan\u00e1 treska, Arroz de Marisco<\/i>, co\u017e je sm\u011bs mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plod\u016f v r\u00fd\u017ei, a Bife de Atum<\/i>, co\u017e je steak z tu\u0148\u00e1ka. Region\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edly nejsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9.[\/efstab]
\n[efstab title=”Doprava”]Jak se tam dostat:<\/b><\/p>\n
Letecky:<\/b> Hlavn\u00ed portugalsk\u00e1 leti\u0161t\u011b se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v Lisabonu, Portu a Faru. Na jedno z nich l\u00e9taj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny hlavn\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n
Leti\u0161tn\u00ed poplatky se li\u0161\u00ed podle toho, ze kter\u00e9 zem\u011b let\u00edte.<\/p>\n
Vlakem:<\/b> Do Portugalska vedou dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 vlakov\u00e9 trasy, a to do Porta a Lisabonu. Oba vlaky vyj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed z Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee a TGV Atlantique jede do \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9ho Ir\u00fanu. Zde mus\u00edte p\u0159estoupit na vlak podle toho, zda chcete jet do Porta nebo do Lisabonu.<\/p>\n
Autobusem:<\/b> Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed autobusovou spole\u010dnost\u00ed je “Busabout”. Cestu autobusem spole\u010dnosti Busabout si m\u016f\u017eete rezervovat na t\u011bchto str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/b><\/p>\n
Letecky:<\/b> V Portugalsku m\u016f\u017eete mezi velk\u00fdmi m\u011bsty cestovat letecky, i kdy\u017e to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1kladn\u00e9. Proto\u017ee mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi destinacemi nejsou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti, je mnohem v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestovat vlakem nebo autobusem.<\/p>\n
Vlakem:<\/b> Portugalsk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnost Caminhos de Ferro Portugueses. Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed je cestov\u00e1n\u00ed po Portugalsku levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlakem ne\u017e autobusem, i kdy\u017e je pomalej\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Autobusem:<\/b> V Portugalsku p\u016fsob\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 autobusov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee cestov\u00e1n\u00ed po zemi autobusem nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Autobusy jsou obecn\u011b rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vlaky na dlouh\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch.[\/efstab]<\/p>\n
[efstab title=”Co vid\u011bt”]Nejlep\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o Portugalsku z hlediska pam\u00e1tek, je rozd\u011blit ho na jednotliv\u00e9 regiony, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 atributy. Severov\u00fdchod zem\u011b je zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako “Costa Verde”, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 “zelen\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed”. P\u0159esn\u011b jak napov\u00edd\u00e1 jeho n\u00e1zev, na zdej\u0161\u00edch kopc\u00edch m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00e9 odst\u00edny zelen\u00e9 barvy. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Portugalska, Porto, kter\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozkv\u011bt.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdchodn\u011b od n\u011bj se na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b Portugalska nach\u00e1z\u00ed “Montanhas”, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 hory. Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee je to nejhornat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed portugalsk\u00e1 oblast, najdete zde tak\u00e9 star\u00e9 hrady, nedot\u010denou p\u0159\u00edrodu a vinice.<\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00edmi portugalsk\u00fdmi regiony jsou “Costa de Prata” (St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed) s 200 km dlouh\u00fdm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00edm a malebn\u00fdmi vesni\u010dkami, Algarve, kter\u00e9 je d\u00edky sv\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u00e9 po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, a pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Lisabonu, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed p\u016fvabn\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto[\/efstab]<\/p>\n
[efstab title=”Z\u00e1bava”]Portugalsko je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u017eivou zem\u00ed v letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, kdy se v\u017edy n\u011bkde v zemi kon\u00e1 n\u011bjak\u00fd festival. Jedn\u00edm z festival\u016f, kter\u00fd je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed, je Festa de Santo Sant\u00f3nio v Lisabonu 12.-13. \u010dervna, co\u017e je celono\u010dn\u00ed pouli\u010dn\u00ed jarmark v Lisabonu.<\/p>\n
Portugalci si potrp\u00ed na no\u010dn\u00ed kluby a bary stejn\u011b jako zbytek Evropy. No\u010dn\u00ed \u017eivot v Lisabonu je velmi \u017eiv\u00fd, stejn\u011b jako v Portu a portugalsk\u00e9m studentsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Coimb\u0159e. Turistick\u00e1 m\u011bsta jako Lagos a Faro na Algarve jsou tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdm \u017eivotem po z\u00e1padu slunce.<\/p>\n
Portugalsko m\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00ed lidovou hudbu zn\u00e1mou jako Fado<\/i>. Zkuste si n\u011bkdy b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho pobytu zaj\u00edt na p\u0159edstaven\u00ed a nahl\u00e9dnout do jejich spole\u010densk\u00e9 kultury.<\/p>\n
Dne 12. \u010dervna 2004 se bude v Portugalsku konat Evropsk\u00fd poh\u00e1r UEFA, kter\u00fd celou zemi prom\u011bn\u00ed v jedno velk\u00e9 m\u011bsto ve\u010d\u00edrk\u016f. Dv\u011bma nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi centry budou Porto a Lisabon, ale cel\u00e1 zem\u011b se na t\u0159i t\u00fddny turnaje p\u0159epne do p\u00e1rty m\u00f3du.[\/efstab]<\/p>\n
[efstab title=”Obecn\u00e9 informace”]V\u00edzov\u00e9 po\u017eadavky:<\/b>
\nPro ob\u010dany EU nen\u00ed ke vstupu do Portugalska nutn\u00e9 v\u00edzum, a\u010dkoli pot\u0159ebujete cestovn\u00ed pas platn\u00fd 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po datu vstupu. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky Kanady, Nov\u00e9ho Z\u00e9landu, USA a Austr\u00e1lie pro pobyt do 90 dn\u016f. Ob\u010dan\u00e9 Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed v\u00edzum.<\/p>\n
Doporu\u010dujeme, abyste se p\u0159ed cestou obr\u00e1tili na portugalsk\u00e9 velvyslanectv\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 rodn\u00e9 zemi a ujistili se, \u017ee zn\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 po\u017eadavky pro dovolenou i pracovn\u00ed dovolenou.<\/p>\n
M\u011bna<\/b>
\nM\u011bnou pou\u017e\u00edvanou v Portugalsku je euro, kter\u00e9 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze 100 cent\u016f. Bankovky jsou v nomin\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnot\u00e1ch 100 \u20ac, 50 \u20ac, 20 \u20ac, 10 \u20ac a 5 \u20ac a pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 mince jsou 2 \u20ac, 1 \u20ac, 0,50C, 0,20C, 0,10C, 0,05C, 0,02C a 0,01C.<\/p>\n
Jazyk<\/b>
\n\u00da\u0159edn\u00edm jazykem Portugalska je portugal\u0161tina. Hojn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 angli\u010dtina, zejm\u00e9na v cestovn\u00edm ruchu.<\/p>\n
Podneb\u00ed<\/b>
\nNa jihu Portugalska panuje od b\u0159ezna do \u0159\u00edjna st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9 klima, zat\u00edmco na severu teploty nedosahuj\u00ed takov\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161ek. Na severu tak\u00e9 \u010dast\u011bji pr\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de<\/b>
\nN\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci ze zem\u00ed EU maj\u00ed n\u00e1rok na l\u00e9ka\u0159skou p\u00e9\u010di podle dohody EU o vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di. P\u0159ed cestou byste si m\u011bli na m\u00edstn\u00ed spr\u00e1v\u011b soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed vyzvednout formul\u00e1\u0159 E111. Tento formul\u00e1\u0159 lze z\u00edskat tak\u00e9 na po\u0161t\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b men\u0161\u00edch zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f nav\u0161tivte “farmacia” (l\u00e9k\u00e1rnu), kde by v\u00e1m m\u011bli b\u00fdt schopni pomoci vy\u0161kolen\u00ed l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edci.<\/p>\n
\u010casov\u00e9 p\u00e1smo<\/b>
\nPortugalsko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m p\u00e1smu (CET), kter\u00e9 je o hodinu p\u0159ed GMT.<\/p>\n
Otev\u00edrac\u00ed doba<\/b>
\nObchody v Portugalsku maj\u00ed obvykle otev\u0159eno od 9 do 13 hodin a od pond\u011bl\u00ed do soboty od 15 do 19 hodin. Za zm\u00ednku v\u0161ak stoj\u00ed, \u017ee v men\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech a vesnic\u00edch maj\u00ed v sobotu otev\u0159eno pouze do 14.00 hodin. \u00da\u0159edn\u00ed hodiny jsou obecn\u011b stejn\u00e9 jako u obchod\u016f, ale v sobotu nemaj\u00ed otev\u0159eno v\u016fbec.<\/p>\n
Turistick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/b>
\nNa leti\u0161t\u00edch jsou v\u017edy k dispozici dobr\u00e9 turistick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e. Turistick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e najdete ve v\u0161ech v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch portugalsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Otev\u00edrac\u00ed doba se li\u0161\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich je v\u0161ak otev\u0159ena od 9 do 18 hodin.<\/p>\n
Da\u0148<\/b>
\nDa\u0148 z obratu v Portugalsku \u010din\u00ed 19 % a je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Imposto Sobre Valor Acrescentado (IVA).<\/p>\n
Sm\u011bn\u00e1rna<\/b>
\nBanky a sm\u011bn\u00e1rny jsou po cel\u00e9m Portugalsku a p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed hotovost i cestovn\u00ed \u0161eky. V\u0161echny maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 sm\u011bnn\u00e9 kurzy, tak\u017ee nejlep\u0161\u00ed je se porozhl\u00e9dnout.<\/p>\n
Kreditn\u00ed a bankovn\u00ed karty lze pou\u017e\u00edvat v bankomatech s n\u00e1pisem “Cirrus”.<\/p>\n
Elekt\u0159ina<\/b>
\n220 V\/50 Hz. Z\u00e1suvky jsou dvoukol\u00edkov\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Telefony<\/b>
\nChcete-li volat do Portugalska ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, vyto\u010dte nejprve mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupovou p\u0159edvolbu zem\u011b, ve kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00edte, n\u00e1sledovanou portugalskou p\u0159edvolbou (351) a m\u00edstn\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem. Portugalsko nem\u00e1 p\u0159edvolby.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i vol\u00e1n\u00ed do zahrani\u010d\u00ed z Portugalska nejprve vyto\u010dte mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupovou p\u0159edvolbu (00), n\u00e1sledovanou p\u0159edvolbou zem\u011b, kam vol\u00e1te, sm\u011brov\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem oblasti (vynech\u00e1te 0) a m\u00edstn\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem.<\/p>\n
Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob vol\u00e1n\u00ed je pomoc\u00ed p\u0159edplacen\u00fdch telefonn\u00edch karet, kter\u00e9 lze snadno z\u00edskat.<\/p>\n
Po\u0161ta<\/b>
\nPo\u0161t\u00e1m se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 “correios”. Otev\u00edraj\u00ed od pond\u011bl\u00ed do p\u00e1tku od 9 do 22 hodin a o v\u00edkendech od 9 do 18 hodin.<\/p>\n
V\u00fddej spropitn\u00e9ho<\/b>
\nN\u011bkter\u00e9 restaurace zahrnuj\u00ed do \u00fa\u010dtu poplatek za obsluhu. Na j\u00eddeln\u00edm l\u00edstku je to obvykle uvedeno. Pokud tomu tak nen\u00ed, posta\u010d\u00ed spropitn\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 5-10 %. Spropitn\u00e9 se obvykle d\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 taxik\u00e1\u0159\u016fm.<\/p>\n
St\u00e1tn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky<\/b>
\nP\u0159ed cestou se vyplat\u00ed zjistit, jak\u00e9 jsou st\u00e1tn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina podnik\u016f, bank a obchod\u016f je obvykle na ten den zav\u0159en\u00e1.<\/p>\n
V Portugalsku jsou to: Nov\u00fd rok (1. ledna), Karneval (\u00fanor), Velikonoce (b\u0159ezen\/duben), Den revoluce (25. dubna), Sv\u00e1tek pr\u00e1ce (1. kv\u011btna), Sv\u00e1tek Portugalska (10. \u010dervna), Sv\u00e1tek Nanebevzet\u00ed Panny Marie (15. srpna), Den republiky (5. \u0159\u00edjna), Sv\u00e1tek v\u0161ech svat\u00fdch (1. listopadu), Den nez\u00e1vislosti (1. prosince) a V\u00e1noce (25. prosince). [\/efstab]
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[efstabs class=”yourcustomclass”] [efstab title=”Home” active=”active”] N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva Portugalska Portugalsko, jedna z men\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed kontinentu, je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu \u010dlenit\u00e9mu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed pln\u00e9mu zlatav\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a tyrkysov\u00fdch vod. Vedle proslul\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed je zde tak\u00e9 mnoho krajiny k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed a star\u00fdch vesnic k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b. [\/efstab] [efstab title=”O zemi”]Portugalsko le\u017e\u00ed na jihoz\u00e1pad\u011b Evropy u Atlantsk\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu a po v\u011bt\u0161inu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":163,"featured_media":137807,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108385,18279],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-247497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-portugal-2-cs","category-uncategorized-cs","wpbf-post"],"yoast_head":"\n
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<\/a>Portugalsko, jedna z men\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed kontinentu, je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu \u010dlenit\u00e9mu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed pln\u00e9mu zlatav\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a tyrkysov\u00fdch vod. Vedle proslul\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed je zde tak\u00e9 mnoho krajiny k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed a star\u00fdch vesnic k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b.<\/p>\n