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United Arab Emirates country guide

Things To Do In The United Arab Emirates

A country that was mostly desert fifty years ago and now has the tallest building on earth. Dubai does the spectacle; the desert, the mountains and Abu Dhabi do the rest.

€20
Dorm bed, from
828m
The Burj Khalifa
200+
Nationalities living here
€1
A shawarma that will feed you

Spectacle, desert, and a lot of other people's countries

The UAE is seven emirates, and for most visitors it means Dubai, with Abu Dhabi an hour and a half down the road. Fifty years ago this was a pearl-diving and trading coast; now it has the world's tallest building, indoor ski slopes and an airport that connects almost everywhere.

Dubai splits into two experiences. There is the new city — Burj Khalifa, Marina, malls, beach clubs — and there is the old one around Deira and Bur Dubai, with gold and spice souks, wooden abra boats crossing the creek for a few cents, and the food of the roughly ninety per cent of residents who come from somewhere else. The second is cheaper and more interesting than the first.

Outside the cities, the desert starts immediately and the Hajar mountains in the east give you wadis, hiking and a much older version of the country. Most trips are three to five days; a week lets you add Abu Dhabi and the mountains.

Where to go

Dubai and Abu Dhabi are ninety minutes apart, and the desert starts at the edge of both.

Dubai

93 hostels · dorms from €11

The Burj Khalifa, the old creek and souks, a beach strip and the food of two hundred nationalities.

The Dubai guide

Abu Dhabi

7 hostels · dorms from €12

The capital: the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, the Louvre Abu Dhabi and a quieter feel than Dubai.

The Abu Dhabi guide

Ras Al Khaimah

1 hostel

The northern emirate: the country's highest mountain, one of the longest zip lines in the world, and quieter beaches.

The Ras Al Khaimah guide

Al Ain

An oasis city inland with forts, a camel market and falaj irrigation channels that are UNESCO-listed.

The Al Ain guide

What kind of trip is this?

The UAE does spectacle, desert and beaches, and it does them in winter rather than summer.

City break in United Arab Emirates

Three or four days, mostly in Dubai.

What to do

  • The Burj Khalifa at sunset
  • An abra across the creek for pennies
  • The gold and spice souks

Spots to visit

  • Downtown Dubai
  • Deira
  • Dubai Marina

Best cities for it

Things to do

Things to do in the United Arab Emirates

The Burj Khalifa observation decks are the obvious one and are cheaper booked online in advance, with sunset slots costing more. The fountain show at its base is free and runs every half hour in the evening.

Old Dubai is the better half. The abra boats crossing the creek cost around 25 cents, the gold and spice souks are on either side, and Al Fahidi's wind-tower houses show what the city looked like before 1970. The Dubai Frame and the Museum of the Future are the newer landmarks.

In Abu Dhabi, the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is free to enter, genuinely extraordinary, and requires modest dress with abayas lent at the entrance. The Louvre Abu Dhabi is next on most lists.

Out of the cities, desert camps do dune driving, camel rides and dinner, Hatta has kayaking and mountain biking, and Jebel Jais has one of the world's longest zip lines.

Food and drink

Eating in the United Arab Emirates

Around ninety per cent of the population comes from somewhere else, and the food follows: South Indian, Pakistani, Filipino, Lebanese, Iranian and Egyptian cooking, most of it in cafeterias and cheap restaurants away from the tourist strips.

A shawarma is about a euro, a South Indian thali in Karama or Deira is €3 to €5, and a Lebanese mezze spread is €10 to €15 a head. That is a completely different economy to the hotel restaurants, where a main course can be €30 to €50.

Emirati food itself is harder to find and worth seeking out: machboos, harees and balaleet, served at a handful of dedicated restaurants and heritage cafés. Friday brunch is a national institution with a price tag to match.

Nightlife

Going out in the United Arab Emirates

Alcohol is legal for non-Muslims in licensed venues, which in practice means hotel bars, beach clubs and dedicated licensed restaurants. It is expensive — €10 to €16 for a beer, more for cocktails — and drinking in public or being drunk in public is illegal.

Dubai has an international club and beach club scene, particularly around the Marina and JBR, and the brunch culture on Fridays fills the gap between lunch and a night out.

Sharjah is entirely dry. During Ramadan, avoid eating, drinking or smoking in public during daylight hours out of respect; many restaurants stay open, but venues adjust their hours substantially and rules are strictest in Sharjah.

Getting around

Getting around the United Arab Emirates

Dubai's metro is clean, cheap and covers most of what visitors want, using a Nol card bought at any station. Buses fill the gaps and the abra boats cross the creek for pennies.

Taxis are inexpensive by European standards and Careem and Uber both work. Between emirates, intercity buses run Dubai to Abu Dhabi in about ninety minutes for a few euros.

A hire car makes sense for the desert, Hatta and the mountains, and driving is straightforward on excellent roads, though speeds are high and camera enforcement is strict. Note that Dubai's metro does not run late on most nights, and that taxi queues at peak times can be long.

Costs

What the UAE costs

The UAE is as expensive as you let it be. Dorms start around €20, metro rides cost about a euro, a shawarma is €1 and public beaches are free — a careful day comes to €45 to €65.

The costs that break budgets are alcohol at €10 to €16 a drink, hotel dining, desert safaris at €50 to €90 and Burj Khalifa tickets. Two of those in a day doubles the total.

The dirham is pegged to the dollar, cards are accepted everywhere, and there is no tipping obligation beyond rounding up, though service charges appear on hotel bills.

Safety

Staying safe in the United Arab Emirates

The UAE has very low crime and is one of the safest places to walk around at night anywhere in this guide, including for women travelling alone.

The risk here is legal rather than criminal, and it applies to visitors exactly as it does to residents. Public drunkenness, public displays of affection, rude gestures and swearing — including online — are all offences that have resulted in arrests and deportations of tourists. Drug laws are among the strictest in the world, with trace quantities and some prescription medications treated seriously; check whether your medication is controlled before travelling.

Same-sex relationships are criminalised, and LGBTQ+ travellers should read current government advice before travelling. Unmarried couples sharing a room has been legal since reforms in 2020.

Summer heat is the other genuine hazard, with July and August reaching 45°C and high humidity on the coast.

Entry and documents

Entry and documents

Many nationalities, including the EU, UK, US, Canada and Australia, get a visa on arrival for 30 or 90 days depending on passport. Others need to apply in advance, often through an airline or hotel sponsor.

Passports need six months' validity from entry.

Beyond the paperwork, the laws are the thing to read before you travel. This is a conservative country with rules on public behaviour, dress in government buildings and malls, alcohol, and photography of people and military or government sites. They are enforced, including against tourists, and ignorance is not accepted as a defence.

When to go

November to March is the season, and it is not a close call. Summer here is genuinely dangerous heat rather than uncomfortable heat.

24°
Jan
Peak season. Warm days, cool evenings, everything open
25°
Feb
Excellent. Desert camping at its best
29°
Mar
Warming. Still very good, and Ramadan may fall here
33°
Apr
Getting hot. Outdoor activity becomes uncomfortable
38°
May
Too hot for most things outdoors
40°
Jun
Extreme heat. Indoor everything
41°
Jul
Peak heat and humidity. Cheapest hotel rates of the year
41°
Aug
Same, and the sea is bath-warm
39°
Sep
Still very hot, easing at the end
35°
Oct
Cooling. Outdoor life restarts late in the month
29°
Nov
Excellent. The season proper begins
25°
Dec
Peak. New Year fireworks at the Burj Khalifa
Bar height is temperature. Colour is how busy it gets: quiet busy peak

Average highs for Dubai. Summer combines 40°C with coastal humidity and is genuinely hazardous outdoors; Ramadan moves earlier by about eleven days each year and changes opening hours substantially.

What your trip will cost

Pick how you travel and how long for. Per night, for one person, in euro equivalents of dirhams.

Alcohol at €10–16 a drink and desert safaris at €50–90 sit outside these figures and are what push budgets up fastest here.

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  • Beds—
  • Food and drink—
  • Getting around—
  • Doing things—
What's on

What is on while you are there

Ramadan changes how the country runs for a month, and it moves earlier each year.

UAE travel questions

The ones we get asked most.

Is Dubai expensive?
Only if you drink and eat in hotels. Dorms from €20, metro rides about a euro, shawarma at €1 and free public beaches make a careful day €45 to €65. Alcohol at €10 to €16 a drink is what breaks budgets.
How many days do you need?
Three to five for Dubai, including old Dubai and a desert trip. A week lets you add Abu Dhabi, Hatta or the northern mountains, which most visitors never see.
When should I visit?
November to March. Summer reaches 41°C with coastal humidity and is genuinely hazardous outdoors, though hotel rates collapse. Check whether Ramadan falls in your dates, as it changes opening hours and public eating rules.
What are the rules I should know?
Public drunkenness, public displays of affection and rude gestures — including online — are offences that have led to tourist arrests. Drug laws are among the strictest in the world and cover some prescription medications. Read government advice before travelling.
Can I drink alcohol in the UAE?
Non-Muslims can drink in licensed venues, which in practice means hotel bars, clubs and licensed restaurants. Drinking or being drunk in public is illegal, and Sharjah is entirely dry.
What should I wear?
Beachwear is fine at beaches and pools. Elsewhere, shoulders and knees covered is the expectation in malls and government buildings, and mosques require full covering — abayas are lent at the entrance of the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque.
Is there anything beyond the skyscrapers?
Yes, and it is the better half. Old Dubai's creek, souks and wind-tower houses, the Hajar mountains at Hatta and Jebel Jais, the Liwa desert, and Al Ain's oasis and UNESCO-listed irrigation channels.

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